Science news

• ‘Baby Louie’ dinosaur identified as a new species

  09-05-2017 22:00
  
  A fossil embryo known as Baby Louie has been identified as a new species of dinosaur called Beibeilong sinensis.
  
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• Alberta researchers help crack identity of dinosaur eggs found decades ago

  09-05-2017 21:30 via cbc.ca
  
  Research into the largest dinosaur egg discovery took decades to hatch and Alberta researchers were in the thick of the findings.
  
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• 'It's early morning all night long': Halifax residents revolt over LED street lights

  09-05-2017 20:56 via cbc.ca
  
  Bright new LED street lights are causing a fury of complaints in Halifax — waking up residents, ruining ambiance and even causing health risks.
  
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• The amyloid-{beta} oligomer A{beta}*56 induces specific alterations in neuronal signaling that lead to tau phosphorylation and aggregation

  09-05-2017 19:50 via stke.sciencemag.org
  Oligomeric forms of amyloid-forming proteins are believed to be the principal initiating bioactive species in many neurodegenerative disorders, including Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Amyloid-β (Aβ) oligomers are implicated in AD-associated phosphorylation and aggregation of the microtubule-associated protein tau. To investigate the specific molecular pathways activated by different assemblies, we isolated various forms of Aβ from Tg2576 mice, which are a model for AD. We found
  
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• Tetraspanin microdomains control localized protein kinase C signaling in B cells

  09-05-2017 19:50 via stke.sciencemag.org
  Activation of B cells by the binding of antigens to the B cell receptor (BCR) requires the protein kinase C (PKC) family member PKCβ. Because PKCs must translocate to the plasma membrane to become activated, we investigated the mechanisms regulating their spatial distribution in mouse and human B cells. Through live-cell imaging, we showed that BCR-stimulated production of the second messenger diacylglycerol (DAG) resulted in the translocation of PKCβ from the cytosol to plasma membran
  
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• Science Signaling Podcast for 9 May 2017: Trafficking of BK channel subunits in arterial myocytes

  09-05-2017 19:50 via stke.sciencemag.org
  AbstractThis Podcast features a conversation with Jonathan Jaggar, senior author of a Research Article that appears in the 9 May 2017 issue of Science Signaling, about trafficking of big potassium (BK) channel subunits in arterial myocytes. Depolarization of the arterial myocyte membrane causes a rise in intracellular calcium that stimulates the cell to contract, which leads to vasoconstriction. Membrane depolarization also activates BK channels, which allow potassium to flow out of the cell, th
  
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• Papers of note in Science 356 (6337)

  09-05-2017 19:50 via stke.sciencemag.org
  This week’s articles address the role of macrophage metabolic reprogramming in resolving inflammation and an epidermal pattern formation system that is self-organizing and can adjust to fit the size of the tissue.
  
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• Papers of note in Nature 545 (7652)

  09-05-2017 19:50 via stke.sciencemag.org
  This week’s articles highlight a role for a polyglutamine tract in regulating autophagy; how cytokinesis affects the mechanosensitivity of cell junctions; the effect of interferon- on tumor vasculature; advances in human brain organoid technology; and biochemical features of a receptor that may aid in developing drugs that specifically target the receptor.
  
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• Paper of note in Science Translational Medicine 9 (388)

  09-05-2017 19:50 via stke.sciencemag.org
  This week’s article uncovers why mutations in the vesicular trafficking protein annexin 11 are implicated in the neurodegenerative disease ALS.
  
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• Membrane depolarization activates BK channels through ROCK-mediated {beta}1 subunit surface trafficking to limit vasoconstriction

  09-05-2017 19:50 via stke.sciencemag.org
  Membrane depolarization of smooth muscle cells (myocytes) in the small arteries that regulate regional organ blood flow leads to vasoconstriction. Membrane depolarization also activates large-conductance calcium (Ca2+)–activated potassium (BK) channels, which limits Ca2+ channel activity that promotes vasoconstriction, thus leading to vasodilation. We showed that in human and rat arterial myocytes, membrane depolarization rapidly increased the cell surface abundance of auxiliary BK β1
  
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• LDL cholesterol impairs therapy

  09-05-2017 19:50 via stke.sciencemag.org
  A diet high in LDL cholesterol may hinder the therapeutic efficacy of tyrosine kinase inhibitors in cancer patients.
  
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• Epithelial cells reject abnormal neighbors

  09-05-2017 19:50 via stke.sciencemag.org
  Normal epithelial cells induce metabolic changes in neighboring transformed cells to force them out of the epithelium.
  
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• Behold the 'sheep-eating plant,' now blooming at Royal Botanical Gardens for 1st time in 31 years

  09-05-2017 18:12 via cbc.ca
  
  A Chilean plant that supposedly uses its razor-sharp thorns to trap and kill sheep is blooming at Ontario's Royal Botanical Gardens for the first time since it was planted in 1986.
  
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• Part of Earth's crust fell from the sky, new research suggests

  09-05-2017 17:28 via cbc.ca
  
  Scientists at Montreal's McGill University have added to the common theory about how the Earth’s crust was created.
  
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• AeroVironment unveils palm-sized surveillance drone for U.S. military

  09-05-2017 17:19
  
  (Reuters) - Drone-maker AeroVironment Inc unveiled a small four-rotor surveillance helicopter on Tuesday that can be carried in a small pouch and launched from the palm of a hand.
  
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• White House climate change meeting postponed

  09-05-2017 16:04 via cbc.ca
  
  The White House has postponed a Tuesday meeting to discuss whether the United States should withdraw from the landmark international climate deal struck in Paris under the Obama administration.
  
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• Homo naledi species discovery raises fresh questions about evolution

  09-05-2017 15:10 via cbc.ca
  
  Scientists have unveiled the first evidence that early humans co-existed in Africa 300,000 years ago with a small-brained human-like species thought to already be extinct on the continent at that time.
  
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• The Search for Life on Mars Is about to Get Weird

  09-05-2017 13:15 via rss.sciam.com
  
  Astrobiologists ponder sending gene sequencers, weather stations, drilling rigs and more to the Red Planet
  -- Read more on ScientificAmerican.com
  
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• Seabirds use preening to decide how to divvy up parenting duties

  09-05-2017 13:00
  
  Seabirds in poor condition may communicate this information to their partner by delaying or withholding preening.
  
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• A Shot against Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder

  09-05-2017 12:45 via rss.sciam.com
  
  Tweaking the gut microbiome may hold promise for fighting stress, anxiety
  -- Read more on ScientificAmerican.com
  
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• Homo naledi may have lived at around same time as early humans

  09-05-2017 10:00
  
  South African species Homo naledi is much younger than previously thought.
  
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• Two James Webb instruments are best suited for exoplanet atmospheres

  09-05-2017 06:00
  
  (Penn State) The best way to study the atmospheres of distant worlds with the James Webb Space Telescope, scheduled to launch in late 2018, will combine two of its infrared instruments, according to a team of astronomers.
  
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• Taking the pulse of an ocean world

  09-05-2017 06:00
  
  (Arizona State University) An ASU-designed 'planetary stethoscope' could land on Jupiter's icy moon Europa and help us find out what lies in its global ocean.
  
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• NASA sees Tropical Cyclone Ella form near Fiji

  09-05-2017 06:00
  
  (NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center) The nineteenth tropical cyclone of the Southern Pacific Ocean season formed and is now threatening Fiji. NASA-NOAA's Suomi NPP satellite captured an image of the storm shortly after it developed.
  
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• Childhood bullying linked to health risks in adulthood

  09-05-2017 06:00
  
  (Association for Psychological Science) Childhood bullying may lead to long-lasting health consequences, impacting psychosocial risk factors for cardiovascular health well into adulthood, according to a study published in Psychological Science, a journal of the Association for Psychological Science. The unique study tracked a diverse group of over 300 American men from first grade through their early thirties and the findings indicate that being a victim of bullying and being a bully were both l
  
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