International Crime news

• Uighurs Push for International Criminal Court Case Accusing China of Genocide

  06-07-2020 15:27 via nytimes.com
  
  The complaint at the International Criminal Court is the first of its kind to challenge Beijing on its crackdown on Muslims, but China does not accept the court’s jurisdiction.
  
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• Russia’s Persecution of L.G.B.T.Q. Ukrainians Should Be a Crime Against Humanity

  15-03-2024 10:02 via nytimes.com
  
  Russia’s invasion of Ukraine, justified with homophobia, has seen horrifying persecution of L.G.B.T.Q. people. The world should recognize it as a crime against humanity.
  
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• The I.C.C. arrest warrants for Russian officers will echo beyond Russia.

  08-03-2024 06:00 via nytimes.com
  
  The warrants for two commanders over alleged war crimes may set an interesting precedent, legal experts said, including for the conflict in Gaza.
  
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• On Regulating Means of Warfare

  28-02-2024 01:00
  The current academic debate on profiles of legality, under international humanitarian law (IHL), of so-called autonomous weapon systems has mainly focused on the possibility of using these weapons in military operations in accordance with the norms and prohibitions on the methods of conducting hostilities, with particular regard to targeting decisions. At the policy level, as is well known, the question of the need to adopt a treaty to prohibit possibly the development and use of weapon systems
  
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• U.S., U.N. and ICC Intensify Warnings to Israel Against Invading Rafah

  13-02-2024 08:19 via nytimes.com
  
  International pressure has escalated on Israel to restrain its military campaign in the southern Gazan city, where many have fled from attacks in the north.
  
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• Who Acts When Autonomous Weapons Strike?The Act Requirement for Individual Criminal Responsibility and State Responsibility

  30-01-2024 01:00
  AbstractThis essay examines the theories according to which ‘actions’ carried out by autonomous weapon systems enabled by strong artificial intelligence in detecting, tracking and engaging with the target (‘intelligent AWS’) may be seen as an ‘act’ of the weapon system for the purpose of legal responsibility. The essay focuses on the material act required for the commission of war crimes related to prohibited attacks in warfare. After briefly presenting the va
  
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• Putin’s Drive to Rewrite History Snares a Retired Lithuanian Judge

  04-01-2024 16:03 via nytimes.com
  A few years ago, Kornelija Maceviciene ruled against Soviet officers for a brutal crackdown on pro-independence protesters in her country in 1991. That has made her a target for a Russian court.
  
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• South Africa Accuses Israel of Genocide in U.N. Court

  30-12-2023 00:24 via nytimes.com
  Israel’s Foreign Ministry said the filing was a “despicable and contemptuous exploitation of the court.”
  
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• How International Law Views Israel’s Military Action at Al-Shifa Hospital

  16-11-2023 17:10 via nytimes.com
  Human rights laws prohibit harming or interfering with a hospital like Gaza’s Al-Shifa, with very narrow exceptions, or using it as a human shield. Attacking one can be a war crime.
  
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• Measuring Israel by the Just-War Yardstick

  12-11-2023 15:00 via nytimes.com
  The Netanyahu government falls short on most benchmarks of whether its actions in Gaza meet the standard.
  
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• El conflicto Israel-Hamás y las leyes de la guerra

  06-11-2023 17:00 via nytimes.com
  
  Los acontecimientos de las últimas semanas entre Israel y Hamás han planteado para muchos lectores cuestiones profundas e irritantes que pueden ilustrar los límites y las fortalezas del derecho internacional.
  
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• The Laws of War Have Limits. What Does That Mean for the Hamas-Israel War?

  03-11-2023 02:29 via nytimes.com
  
  For many readers, the events of the past few weeks have raised profound and vexing questions that can illustrate the limits and strengths of international law.
  
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• Primarias en Venezuela: María Corina Machado se perfila ganadora

  23-10-2023 14:57 via nytimes.com
  
  María Corina Machado, candidata de centroderecha, lideraba unas elecciones que mostraron la fe de los votantes en la democracia y su descontento con años de gobierno autoritario.
  
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• María Corina Machado Leads in Venezuela Primary to Oppose President Maduro

  23-10-2023 14:06 via nytimes.com
  
  María Corina Machado, a center-right candidate, was leading in an election that showed voters’ faith in democracy and dissatisfaction with years of authoritarian rule.
  
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• Elecciones primarias en Venezuela 2023: lo que hay que saber

  22-10-2023 11:10 via nytimes.com
  
  Diez candidatos de la oposición se están postulando para enfrentarse al presidente Nicolás Maduro en 2024. Se espera que María Corina Machado, una exdiputada, gane la contienda.
  
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• Venezuela Holds a Key Vote on Sunday. Here’s What You Need to Know.

  22-10-2023 11:02 via nytimes.com
  
  Ten opposition candidates are running to face off against President Nicolás Maduro next year. A center-right former legislator, María Corina Machado, is widely expected to win.
  
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• Book Review: ‘Judgment at Tokyo,’ by Gary J. Bass

  21-10-2023 11:02 via nytimes.com
  
  In “Judgment at Tokyo,” the political scholar Gary J. Bass examines the post-World War II prosecution of Japanese military atrocities and makes the case for the real efficacy of international law.
  
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• Autonomous Weapon Systems, Errors and Breaches of International Humanitarian Law

  20-10-2023 02:00
  AbstractAn error in the operation of an autonomous weapon system (AWS) results in civilians or civilian objects being attacked. In such situations, have civilians or civilian objects been ‘made the object of attack’, such that there is a breach of the rule prohibiting attacks against civilians or civilian objects? This question — which is important because of the high probability of such errors — forms the subject of this article. It argues that the rule prohibiting attac
  
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• 4 Ukrainian Children Return From Russia After Intervention by Qatar

  16-10-2023 14:56 via nytimes.com
  
  Kyiv has said that thousands of children have been separated from their families and taken to Russia, in one of the most painful issues for Ukraine since the start of the war.
  
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• Syrian Torture Hearing Begins in International Court

  11-10-2023 13:06 via nytimes.com
  
  The International Court of Justice, in a case brought by Canada and the Netherlands, will determine whether President Bashar al-Assad violated the U.N. Convention Against Torture.
  
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• Convicting Autonomous Weapons?Criminal Responsibility of and for AWS under International Law

  11-10-2023 02:00
  
  AbstractIf autonomous weapon systems (AWS) cause harm beyond their legitimate military use, e.g., by killing innocent civilians, the question arises as to who can be held responsible. Due to the great number of persons involved in the construction, programming, training, and deploying of AWS, a ‘responsibility gap’ has been diagnosed. As it is neither theoretically nor practically feasible to impose criminal responsibility on AWS themselves, various doctrines of international crimina
  
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• Exploring the Impact of Automation Bias and Complacency on Individual Criminal Responsibility for War Crimes

  22-09-2023 02:00
  
  AbstractWith advancing technology, complex decision-making in warfare, including targeting, is increasingly assisted by machines. Although involving humans in decision-making is often seen as a safeguard against machine errors, it does not always prevent them. Machines can make incorrect determinations or delay them when time is critical. In these cases, human operators, influenced by automation bias (excessive trust in machines’ determinations, despite the availability of contradicting or
  
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• Western Banks Helped Fund Blacklisted Oligarch’s Charity

  20-09-2023 17:30 via nytimes.com
  
  Konstantin Malofeyev’s foundation funds orphanages in occupied Ukraine. He denies that a child-removal program there is a war crime: “All of this is fake.”
  
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• Criminal Responsibility by Omission for Failures to Stop Autonomous Weapon Systems

  17-09-2023 02:00
  AbstractThis article deals with establishing the criminal responsibility, through the model of commission by omission, of autonomous weapon systems (AWS) users in situations where failures to suspend AWS-driven attacks have caused a war crime. The author tackles the question of whether an omission to stop such an AWS may amount to the actus reus of war crimes of unlawful attacks and does so by establishing how the doctrine of commission by omission can be applied on the basis of the grave breach
  
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• Data-driven Learning Systems and the Commission of International CrimesConcerns for Criminal Responsibility?

  04-09-2023 02:00
  AbstractCurrent discussions on the military use of artificial intelligence (AI), in particular concerning autonomous weapons systems, have largely focused on the challenges for the attribution of individual criminal responsibility for war crimes whenever such systems do not perform as initially intended by human operators. Yet, recent observations evidence the pressing need to shift the discussion on the responsibility gap further to include challenges raised by the intentional use of AI systems
  
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• Western Banks Help Fund Blacklisted Oligarch’s Charity

  27-08-2023 11:00 via nytimes.com
  
  Konstantin Malofeyev’s foundation funds orphanages in occupied Ukraine. He denies that a child-removal program there is a war crime: “All of this is fake.”
  
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• At BRICS Summit, Putin Tries to Rally Support

  23-08-2023 00:05 via nytimes.com
  
  Leaders of Brazil, India, China and South Africa addressed other topics, but Russia’s president, unable to attend in person because he is wanted for war crimes, put the war in Ukraine at center stage in the meeting.
  
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• War Crimes Involving Autonomous WeaponsResponsibility, Liability and Accountability

  09-08-2023 02:00
  AbstractThis article identifies and evaluates key international legal aspects concerning three notions that have figured in debates on war crimes involving an autonomous weapon system (AWS): responsibility, liability and accountability. It focuses on the general contours of the existing international law of armed conflict, also known as international humanitarian law (IHL), and related fields, concepts and institutions. Regarding responsibility, this article examines, on one hand, the internatio
  
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• Profiteers of MiseryAggression, the Leadership Clause, and Private Military and Security Companies

  09-08-2023 02:00
  AbstractSince its hailing as the ‘supreme international crime’ during the Nuremberg Trials, aggression has largely been neglected relative to other core international crimes. However, the escalation of the Russo-Ukrainian War starting in early 2022 is being held as an opportunity to breathe new life into this de facto dormant norm. This article seeks to address novel concerns as to the scope of liability permitted by the crime of aggression, which arise from Russia’s enthusiast
  
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• A Weapon is No SubordinateAutonomous Weapon Systems and the Scope of Superior Responsibility

  03-08-2023 02:00
  
  AbstractThe doctrine of superior responsibility is occasionally presented as a potential solution to the ‘responsibility gap’ allegedly created when the employment of autonomous weapon systems (AWS) results in violations of international humanitarian law, which would amount to war crimes. This article analyses several challenges to the applicability of the doctrine of superior responsibility in these circumstances. In fact, superior responsibility is premised on the existence of a su
  
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